Lima
Declaration 

Durban
Commitment

National Office of Public Ethics - Office of the President of the Nation Argentina:


The paper summarises the structure, purpose and activities of the National Office of Public Ethics in Argentina.

Republic of Argentina:
Argentina Legislation Related to Ethics and Control

The various acts of Argentinian legislation relating to ethics and control are listed and described.

Armstrong, Elia :
Evaluation and Effectiveness of Ethics Programs

The paper outlines the basic reasons for the mechanisms of evaluating ethics programmes. Also available is information about a UNDP evaluation of public service ethics in Africa, and the Rabat Declaration.

Balia, Daryl :
Growing Pains in Fighting Corruption

Daryl Balia describes South Africa's need for moral healing. The national integrity strategy being developed around the fight against corruption can be a useful framework to assess possibilities for co-operation on a broader range of ethical concerns. An effective transformation requires a clear analysis and goal from the outset. Recognising the complex interrelations of different parts of society in continuing corruption, one of our greatest enemies in the fight against corruption and for an ethics infrastructure is fragmentation in responding to corruption.

Gilman, Stuart C. :
Effective Management of Ethics Systems: New Frontiers in Public Administration

The thesis of the article is that ethics regimes are often created in "law" without implementation (legislators assume they will be self-implementing),created as administrative structures without the weight of law, or not provided with the authority to carry out their mission. This article will illustrate several examples of such systems and the problems created because of these defects. Finally, the article will outline a development and implementation model for integrity systems.

Orrego, Claudio :
Administrative Modernisation and Ethics Programs

The issue of ethics in the Public Service has been gaining increased concern among citizens, the media, politicians and policy-makers. The strengthening of public confidence in government and public institutions constitutes a necessary condition for both effective democratic governance and a healthy economic development, as well as for the preserving people's faith in the democratic system. Public ethics includes some guiding principles about the relationships between public servants and citizens, the pre-eminence of public interest over private interests, and the necessary responsibility, integrity, probity and accountability that the former must observe toward citizens and users in performing their duties. Is in this sense that public ethics today involves also the issues of efficiency and efficacy in the use of public resources. Therefore, on the one hand public ethics demands improving public sector's efficiency and effectiveness and, while on the other hand, a certain level of public ethics constitutes a necessary condition for improving the responsiveness, efficiency and effectiveness of the government in order to perform better its roles. The Strategic Plan for Modernising Chile´s Public Management is introduced. This plan has six different and distinct lines of action: Human Resources, Quality of Service and Citizen Participation, Strategic Management and Information Technology, Institutional reform and decentralisation, Communications, and Transparency and Probity.

The Rabat Declaration

The Declaration was signed by African Ministers of Civil Service at the Second Pan-African Conference of Ministers of Civil Service, held in Rabat, Morocco from 13 - 15 December 1998. It notes the importance of professionalism and ethical conduct in public administration and lists steps to be taken toward this goal by the African governments, the African Training and Research Centre in Administration for Development (CAFRAD) and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA, as well as international financial institutions and other donors.

National Office of Public Ethics

Decree Law 152, Decree Law 878/9, Decree Law 41(dealing with issues of ethics and control) and the Code Of Ethics For Public Office of Argentinia are reproduced in full.

SPPD:
Public Service Ethics in Africa

The UN/DESA project summary is provided. The objective of this project is to assist governments in Africa, and their development partners, to improve the management of ethics and conduct in the public service through surveying existing policies and programmes.

Synnerstrom, Staffan :
Presentation on, The OECD's Work on Ethics Management

The OECD' s work on Ethics Management has been carried out under the leadership of its committee responsible for public management. Standards in public life are managed through a range of formal and informal institutions, systems, and conditions which together constitute this ethics infrastructure. Based on the experience of its Member countries, the OECD has identified three functional aspects of the ethics infrastructure -- guidance, management and control -- which together embrace the eight key elements of the ethics infrastructure. "Guidance" refers to political commitment, workable codes of conduct, and professional socialisation mechanisms. "Management" relates to the existence of an ethics co-ordinating body and supportive public service conditions. "Control" comprises an effective legal framework, efficient accountability mechanisms, and an active civil society providing public scrutiny. As an Annex, the paper includes the OECD Council Recommendation on Improving Ethical Conduct in the Public Service, of 23 April 1998.